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Poland's sports include almost all sporting disciplines, in particular: football (the most popular sport in the country), motorcycle speedway, track & field, basketball, boxing, fencing, rugby union, field hockey, handball, ice hockey, swimming, volleyball, and weightlifting. The first Polish Formula One driver, Robert Kubica, has brought awareness of Formula One Racing to Poland. Volleyball is one of country's most popular sports with a rich history of international competition. Poland has made a distinctive mark in motorcycle speedway racing thanks to Tomasz Gollob, Jaroslaw Hampel and Rune Holta. Speedway is very popular in Poland, and the Polish Extraleague has the highest average attendances for any sport in Poland. The Polish mountains are an ideal venue for hiking, skiing and mountain biking and attract millions of tourists every year from all over the world. Cross country skiing and ski jumping are popular TV sports, gathering 4–5 million viewers each competition, with Justyna Kowalczyk and Kamil Stoch as the main attractions. Baltic beaches and resorts are popular locations for fishing, canoeing, kayaking and a broad-range of other water-themed sports. ==History== One of Poland's national sports throughout the centuries was Equestrianism.〔Asia01, (Zarys historii jeździectwa w Polsce ) (History of Equestrianism in Poland). Retrieved January 21, 2015. 〕 In the interwar period Adam Królikiewicz won the first individual olimpic medal for Poland - bronze medal in the individual jumping competition in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He died after an accident during filming of the Battle of Somosierra charge in Andrzej Wajda's film ''Popioły''. Tadeusz Komorowski took part in the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris and Henryk Dobrzański "Hubal" in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. General Władysław Anders participated also in jumping competitions. Polish eventing team won two Summer Olympics medals before the WWII, its member Zdzisław Kawecki was murdered in Katyń massacre.〔Zbigniew Suwalski, (Historia polskiego jeździectwa. ) ''Sylwetki wybitnych postaci tworzących historię polskiego jeździectwa. Ich wyniki sportowe, życiorysy, osiągnięcia oraz anegdoty z nimi związane.'' Retrieved January 21, 2015. 〕〔Kamila Górecka, (Jak to jest z tym jeździectwem w Polsce ) 19.11.2013 Polski Związek Jeździecki.〕 Many Polish champions died during WWII, many of them murdered by the Nazis: Bronisław Czech, Helena Marusarzówna, Janusz Kusociński, Józef Noji, Dawid Przepiórka. Sport competitions for Poles were illegal under the Nazis, although sometimes organized in the camps. One such story of a Polish boxer Tadeusz Pietrzykowski imprisoned in Auschwitz and Neuengamme was filmed in 1962 as ''The Boxer and Death''. Football matches were organized in many Nazi camps including Auschwitz, generally between prisoners but allegedly at least once the ''Sonderkommandos'' fought against the SS wardens.〔Interview with William Heyen, ( Auschwitz and the perversion of football. ) The Global Game 2015.〕 Polish P.O.W.s organised 1944 Olympic Games in Woldenberg camp.〔(''Olympic Games on the other side of the barbed wire fences'' )〕 Closely related to equestrianism are the mixed pairs sled horse races (''kumoterki'') organized in the south by the Gorals. St. Hubertus horse races simulating fox hunting are organised around November the 3rd. Palant (Polish baseball) was popular till about 1950. Another traditional sports were zośka (Russian zoska, here explained as Hacky Sack, but much older), klipa, cymbergaj (similar to ''billard hockey''). Ringo is relatively new (since 1968). Polish cavalry has been armed with szablas (saber) and Polish sabre fencers dominated fencing in Poland till 1959: Polish sabre men team won bronze medal in Amsterdam, Jerzy Pawłowski was the first Polish Champion of the world in fencing in 1957 and the Polish team in 1959.〔(Greatests accomplishments in Polish fencing )〕 Stanislaus Zbyszko was 2-time World Heavyweight Champion and his brother Wladek Zbyszko was an AWA World Heavyweight Champion. Stanisława Walasiewicz successfully represented Poland. The problem of her gender remains unsolved. Jewish community in Poland had several champions, e.g. chess players Miguel Najdorf, Dawid Przepiórka, Akiba Rubinstein, Savielly Tartakower. Józef Klotz scored in 1922 the first-ever goal for the Poland national football team. Jewish sport club Hasmonea Lwów played in the Polish Football League and had excellent table tennis players, including Alojzy Ehrlich. Polish People's Republic was controlled by the Soviet Union and the only form of legal competition with the SU was sport.〔(''Ten biggest victories over Soviet Union'' )〕 Such victories were possible only after the death of Joseph Stalin, so Polish boxers won five 1953 amateur Champions of Europe and Soviet ones only two.〔((Polish) boxers proved they were stronger )〕 Władysław Kozakiewicz won the gold medal in Moscow and made Kozakiewicz's gesture in defiance to the Soviet crowd. Many Poles believed that Stanisław Królak assaulted Soviet cyclists with his bicycle pump during 1956 Peace Race. The story seems to be invented, Królak won however the race.〔(''Stanisław Królak and the pump anecdote'' )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sport in Poland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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